twin reversed arterial perfusion - Viral Trends
Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP sequence) is a rare condition of monochorionic twin pregnancies. It arises when the cardiac system of one twin does the work of supplying blood for both twins. The twin supplying the blood is known as the "pump twin" and develops normally in the womb.
Understanding the Context
Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence, a severe and unique complication of monochorionic multiple pregnancy, is characterized by vascular anastomosis and abnormal or absent cardiac development in the twins. This article reviewed its pathogenesis, prenatal ultrasound diagnosis, and management. The normal twin, called the pump twin, drives blood through both fetuses. It is called "reversed arterial perfusion" because in the acardiac twin the blood flows in a reversed direction.
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Key Insights
[4][5] When there is an “acardiac twin”, the unique vascular connections allow blood in the artery to flow in the reversed direction (toward the acardiac fetus rather than away from it). Thus, the phrase “twin reversed arterial perfusion” (TRAP) sequence has been used to describe this condition. Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAP sequence) occurs when one twin, without a functioning cardiac system, receives blood from the “pump twin.” Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare complication of identical monochorionic twin pregnancies (a pregnancy where twins share the placenta). With TRAP, one twin (known as the acardiac twin) does not develop a functional heart, or their heart is severely underdeveloped. What is Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence?
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TRAP is a rare diagnosis in which one twin develops, and although there is a higher risk of birth defects in this twin, it is usually normal. Color Doppler in the recipient twin demonstrates reversed pulsatile flow from an umbilical arterioarterial anastomosis and venous return to the pump twin via a venovenous anastomosis.